Moran Mar Baselios Marthoma Didymus I (29 October 1921 – 26 May 2014)
Was Catholicos of the East
and Malankara Metropolitan (Primate of the Malankara Orthodox Church) from 2005 to 2010.
Didymos was consecrated as Metropolitan bishop on 24 August 1966 at Kolencherry
St. Peter's & St. Paul's Church and served as Metropolitan of the Malabar Diocese of the church from 1968.
He was the seventh Catholicos since the Catholicate of the East was relocated
to India and 111th in the lineage of Catholicose of the East in the Apostolic throne
of St. Thomas. Didymus was the 20th Malankara Metropolitan of the Church.
Early life and education
Son of Ittyavira Thomas of Chiramel-Mulamootil House in Nedumbram near Thiruvalla and Sosamma of Chiramel House
in Mavelikara. At the age of 18, he joined Mount Tabor Dayara (monastery) in Pathanapuram in 1939 as the
disciple of Thoma Mar Dionysius, Metropolitan of Niranam where he completed his high school education.
He passed his Intermediate from C.M.S College, Kottayam in 1945, his B. A. from National College,
Tiruchirapalli in 1951, his B. T. from Maston Training College, Chennai in 1954, and his M.A. in
English literature from Christ Church College, Kanpur in 1961. His favorite authors were Charles Lamb
in English and Vaikom Muhammad Basheer in Malayalam.
In his speeches Didymos used to say that his parents who led lives of prayer and munificence
were his first role models.
C. T. Thomas started his service to the Church as a monk when he was a teenager.
He was called to the monastic life by the late Metropolitan Mar Dionysius of Niranam.
He completed his training for priesthood under the guidance of Thoma Mar Dionysius and Baselios Augen,
Catholicos of the East. Geevarghese II Catholicos ordained him to the order of Korooyo on
11 March 1942 at Karapuzha Mar Gregorios Chapel, diaconate on 22 May 1947 at Thiruvalla Bethany Aramana
Chapel and priesthood on 25 January 1950 at Pathanapuram Mount Tabor Dayara.
Teaching career
As Rev. Fr. C. T. Thomas, he served as headmaster of Ponnayya High School, Thiruchirapalli
and St Stephens School, Pathanapuram. Within a year of taking charge as the headmaster of
Ponnayya High School, Rev. Fr. C. T. Thomas was able to quadruple the pass percentage of students,
who were chiefly the poor children from marginalized families. Later, Fr. C. T. Thomas also
served as Professor and Head of the Department of English at St. Stephen's College, Pathanapuram,
as well as the vice-principal of the College and as President of the Orthodox Youth Movement.
Bishopric
On 16 May 1965, Catholicos of the East Moran Mar Baselios Augen I made him Ramban (monk)
at Mount Tabor Dayara. The Malankara Syrian Christian Association which convened at Kottayam M. D. Seminary
on 28 December 1965 elected him to the office of Metropolitan along with four others priests, following the
ancient tradition of selecting bishops from the monastic ranks. On 24 August 1966 at Kolencherry,
the Catholicos Baselios Augen ordained him as Metropolitan Thomas Mar Timotheos, along with
Dr. Philipose Mar Theophilos and Yuhanon Mar Severios. Following the order of the Catholicos,
Mar Thimotheos became the assistant Metropolitan of Malabar Diocese on 11 November 1966.
Pathrose Mar Osthathios, the Metropolitan of Malabar, died on 2 February 1968.
Mar Thimotheos succeeded him as the Metropolitan of Malabar Diocese.
Catholicos of the East
Mar Thimotheos became the Metropolitan of Malabar Diocese in 1968.
He continued to be the General Superior of Mount Tabor Dayara and Convent in Pathanapuram until 2014.
On 10 September 1992 the Malankara Association was convened at Parumala Seminary and
elected him as successor-designate to the Malankara Metropolitan and Catholicos of the East.
Due to old age, the Catholicos Baselios Marthoma Mathews II decided to abdicate the throne in 2005.
On 29 October 2005, Mar Thimotheos assumed the office of Malankara Metropolitan,
and was installed as the Catholicos of the East Baselios Marthoma Didymos I on 31 October 2005
by his predecessor Mathews II.
Didymos was the first Catholicos of the East to be enthroned by his predecessor.
The enthronement took place at Parumala Seminary on 31 October 2005 at the age of 84.
In addition to convening five sessions of Malankara Association (including one meeting
that comprised two individual sessions), Didymos I ordained 14 Metropolitan Bishops
(7 each on two occasions - at Puthuppally St. George Church on 19 February 2009
and at Kottayam Mar Elia Cathedral on 12 May 2010). During the reign of Didymos I,
the strength of the Episcopal Synod became 33, the highest till date.
Didymos had, as a priest, attended the consecration of Holy Mooron (anointing oil) officiated by
Baselios Geevarghese II in 1951. Later, as a Metropolitan, Didymos I was a co-celebrant in the
consecration of Holy Mooron on four occasions (in 1967, officiated by Baselios Augen I; in 1977 and 1988,
officiated by Baselios Marthoma Mathews I; and in 1999, officiated by Baselios Marthoma Mathews II).
As the Catholicos of the East, Didymos I himself officiated in the consecration of Holy Mooron
at Devalokam Catholicate Palace on 5 April 2009.
Following the Church's tradition of honoring eminent prelates of the past, Didymos
I bestowed the title "Sabha-Thejas" (meaning 'great luminary of the Church')
on Malankara Metropolitan Mar Dionysius V. The ancient churches declared as
pilgrimage centers by Didymos I include St Mary's Orthodox Church, Kallooppara
and St. George Orthodox Church, Cheppad. He visited Church members abroad.
Didymos was the first Catholicos to preside over an official church secretariat,
which administers to the affairs of the church. He also introduced progressive reforms in the administration of
parishes, including the right for ladies of the congregations to participate in the parish assemblies
(called palli-pothu-yogam). Some of the larger dioceses were divided creating new dioceses,
in order to ensure more effective pastoral care and administration.